Many families have heard about Autism (or Autism Spectrum Disorder “ASD”) but it is sometimes hard to know what to look out for in your own child. Children with autism have a range of skills and abilities and don’t all act the same way. Here are just a few signs that may indicate it’s worth seeking advice from a healthcare professional:

• Your child doesn’t talk as much as other children their age
• Your child doesn’t respond when you call their name
• Your child doesn’t use eye contact to share interest with others
• Your child has difficulty with changes in routine
• Your child goes out of their way to avoid sensory input or seeks it out
• Your child uses toys in repetitive ways and doesn’t like ‘pretend play’

If you have a child between 11 and 30 months old, you can also use a free app called ‘ASDetect’ to monitor your child’s social attention and communication behaviours. The app was developed at La Trobe University in Melbourne and is free and easy to use.

More information on ASD and child development is also available on the Raising Children’s Network.

Written by Eleanor Brignell – Speech Pathologist for De Silva Kids Clinic.

Play-dough can be used to create a fun and engaging activity to work on a number of different communication skills. This can include describing, labelling, expanding vocabulary, receptive language, using action words (verbs) and play and social skills. Use the following cheat sheet to help work on these communication skills whilst you and your child are playing with play-dough!

Describing/labelling

Colour: red, blue, yellow, green etc.
Size: big, little, small
Shape: circle, round, square
Texture: smooth, sticky, squishy
Quantity: all, none, empty, full

Expanding vocabulary

Nouns: play-dough, lip, cup, scissors, knife, rolling pin, cookie cutter, table, bench
Concepts: in/out, long/short, more/less, same/different, on/off

Receptive language

Following directions: give directions using prepositions (e.g. under, around, next to, behind, in front, between, on, off)

Action words

• Make – Stick
• Give – Fold
• Push – Squeeze
• Pinch – Pull
• Squash – Roll
• Open – Close

Play and social skills

• Encourage joint attention
• Practise turn taking by taking turns to choose what to make
• Encourage eye contact
• Develop pretend play skills (e.g. pretending to use a play-dough object as something else)

Written by Sarah Pritchard – Speech Pathologist for De Silva Kids Clinic.

Children struggle with problem solving and self-regulation at all ages and Michelle Garcia Winner has created a wonderful creative resource for children to learn to become better social detectives, social thinkers and problem solvers. Michelle has created many different characters within her Social Thinking framework and two that I most commonly used within my work with children who are struggling within social settings- children with and without diagnoses.

Super-Flex is one of the names of a superhero character who teaches kids they have a superhero inside their own brains (who looks just like they do) helping them learn about their own and others’ thoughts and behaviours, strengthening their flexible thinking, and giving them strategies to self-regulate in challenging times. We can encourage children to call on their Super-Flex and thinkable powers anytime, anyplace, to help coach them along the expected social route and avoid unexpected behaviour.

Super-Flex can give children the opportunity to have fun while learning to self-regulate and become flexible thinkers. They can learn and practice Super-Flex thinking and strategies during adult driven activities at home that can then be generalised to all social settings such as school and the wider community.

Social thinking characters can be useful to keep in a child’s room or on the fridge as a reminder of who they can be when they are finding themselves in a problem-solving situation. It helps to talk through what she/he looks like and what he/say may say if they find themselves in a difficult situation.

Michelle Garcia Winner has some wonderful resources available for parents and therapists on her website- https://www.socialthinking.com/  There are books and posters for parents, schools and therapists to use with children which can be super helpful reminders.

Written by Psychologist Dominique Dolcetta for De Silva Kids Clinic.

The concept of the Zone of Regulation is to support individuals who have difficulty self-regulating and manage their feelings.

The Zones are a categorical and cognitive behavioural approach that therapists use in order to support and teach self-regulation. This approach is aimed to categorise 4 coloured zones which provide strategies to support individuals identify, acknowledge and explore their emotions, feelings, behaviours and manage their sensory needs. The Zone of Regulation is a concept that uses visuals to help individuals understand and express their feelings and level of alertness and explore how it may influence their behaviours.

The four zones that are:

The Red Zone: This is used to identify when an individual is in their heightened state of alertness and feeling intense emotions. These emotions may include anger, physical behaviour, terror or rage.

The Yellow Zone: This is used to identify when an individual is in a state of emotion that is elevated and nearing the Red Zone. An individual may experience sense of worry, excitement, silliness or nervousness.

The Green Zone: This is used to identify when an individual is in a state of calmness. Individuals identified in this zone may display feelings and behaviours of happiness, content or focused. The Green Zone is the zone where optimal learning will occur.

The Blue Zone: This is used to identify when an individual is in a low state of alertness. The emotions or behaviours shown may be the individual feeling sad, tired sick or bored.

Written by Amie Li, Occupational Therapist for De Silva Kids Clinic.